TABLE COLUMNS MISMATCHING FROM PROD instance to Other NON PROD instances.(TABLE Mismatch with VIEW and SYNONYM):

TABLE COLUMNS MISMATCHING FROM PROD instance to Other NON PROD instances.(TABLE Mismatch with VIEW and SYNONYM):


Here are the steps to have TABLE COLUMNS same as VIEW and SYNONYM with some example.

Example:
========
create table :

create table XXPETS.XXRSC_TEST_DEMO_TAB
(
EMPID NUMBER,
ENAME VARCHAR2(30);
SALARY NUMBER
);

check table creation:

select * from dba_objects where object_name like 'XXRSC_TEST_DEMO_TAB%';

create SYNONYM and EDITION VIEW for the TABLE:


begin
ad_zd_table.upgrade('XXPETS', 'XXRSC_TEST_DEMO_TAB');     --- Object owner  , table name are paremeters.
end;

Note:ad_zd_table.upgrade --> it will create EDITION VIEW and SYNONYM


check whether all objects created or not:

select * from dba_objects where object_name like 'XXRSC_TEST_DEMO_TAB%';

Add new column to the table:

alter table  XXPETS.XXRSC_TEST_DEMO_TAB add NEW_SAL NUMBER;


check the new column presence in TABLE and VIEW:

select * from XXPETS.XXRSC_TEST_DEMO_TAB;

select * from XXPETS.XXRSC_TEST_DEMO_TAB#;

Note: Here latest column that you added will not be visible in APPS or VIEW, Because you only added column to the Schema that is XXPETS.XXRSC_TEST_DEMO_TAB.
      we need to explictly sync TABLE with SYNONYM and VIEW.


Run the below script to Refresh the Editioning View

begin
ad_zd_table.patch('XXPETS', 'XXRSC_TEST_DEMO_TAB');     --- Object owner  , table name are paremeters.
end;
/

Oracle Collections

COLLECTIONS: 

Oracle server supports following types
          1) PL/SQL Record (or) Record Type
          2) Index By Table  (or) PL/SQL Table (or) Associative Arrays
          3) Nested Tables
          4) V arrays
          5) Ref Cursors

 1) PL/SQL Record (or) Record Type:

•  Is is one of the user defined temporary data type which is used to store more than one  table data (or) to assign more than one column datatypes.
•  They must at least contain one element.
•  Pinpoint of data is not possible.

      Syntax : Type Typename is Record ( Val-1 Datatype, Val-2 Datatype,…..);
                     Var Typename
      Ex : 
            Declare
            Type Rec is record ( vname emp.ename%type,
                                             Vsal emp.sal%type,
                                             VLoc dept.loc%type);
            Vrec Rec;
            Vno emp.empno%type:=&n;
            Begin
                     Select ename,sal,loc into vrec from emp,dept where emp.deptno=dept.deptno and
                     emp.empno=vno;
                     Dbms_output.put_line(vrec.vname||’,’||vrec.vsal||’,’||vrec.vloc);
            End;

2) Index By Table  (or) PL/SQL Table (or) Associative Arrays:

• This is an user defined type which is used to store multiple data items in to a single unit.Basically this is an unconstrained table 
• Generally these tables are used to improve performance of applications because these tables are stored in memory area that's why these tables are also called as memory tables.
• Basically these table contains key value pairs i.e value field is stored in actual data and key field stored in indexes.
• Key field values are either integer or character and also these values are either -ve or +ve.
• These indexes key behaves like a primary key i.e does not accept duplicate and null values.basically this key datatype is binary_integer.
• Index by table having following collection methods.

                                   Exists
                                   first
                                   last
                                   prior
                                   next
                                   count
                                   delete(range of indexes)
Example1:
declare
type t1 is table of number(10)
index by binary_integer;
v_t t1;
begin
v_t(1):=10;
v_t(2):=20;
v_t(3):=30;
v_t(4):=40;
v_t(5):=50;
dbms_output.put_line(v_t(3));
dbms_output.put_line(v_t.first);
dbms_output.put_line(v_t.last);
dbms_output.put_line(v_t.prior(3));
dbms_output.put_line(v_t.next(4));
dbms_output.put_line(v_t.count);
dbms_output.put_line(v_t(5));
end;

Example2:
declare
type t1 is table of number(10)
index by binary_integer;
v_t t1;
begin
v_t(1):=10;
v_t(2):=20;
v_t(3):=30;
v_t(4):=40;
v_t(5):=50;
dbms_output.put_line(v_t.count);
v_t.delete(2,3);
dbms_output.put_line(v_t.count);
v_t.delete;
dbms_output.put_line(v_t.count);
end;

Question: Write a PLSQL program to get all employee names from emp table and store it into index by table and display data from index by table?

Program:
declare
type t1 is table of varchar2(10)
index by binary_integer;
v_t t1;
cursor c1 is select ename from emp;
n number(5):=1;
begin
open c1;
loop
fetch c1 into v_t(n);
exit when c1%notfound;
n:=n+1;
end loop;
close c1;
for i in v_t.first..v_t.last
loop
dbms_output.put_line(v_t(i));
end loop;
end;

Program:
declare
type t1 is table of varchar2(10)
index by binary_integer;
v_t t1;
begin
select ename bulk collect into v_t from emp;
for i in v_t.first..v_t.last
loop
dbms_output.put_line(v_t(i));
end loop;
end;

Program:
declare
type t1 is table of date
index by binary_integer;
v_t t1;
begin
for i in 1..10
loop
v_t(i):=sysdate+i;
end loop;
for i in v_t.first..v_t.last
loop
dbms_output.put_line(v_t(i));
end loop;
end;

Question: Write a PLSQL Program to retrieve all joining dates from emp table and store it into index by table and display content from index by table?

program:
declare
type t1 is table of date
index by binary_integer;
v_t t1;
begin
select hiredate bulk collect into v_t from emp;
for i in v_t.first..v_t.last
loop
dbms_output.put_line(v_t(i));
end loop;
end;

Example3:
declare
type t1 is table of varchar2(10)
index by varchar2(10);
v_t t1;
x varchar2(10);
begin
v_t('a'):= 'ARUN';
v_t('b'):= 'AJAY';
v_t('c'):= 'ABHI';
x :='a';
loop
dbms_output.put_line(v_t(x));
x := v_t.next(x);
exit when x is null;
end loop;
end;

Example4: 
declare
type t1 is table of emp%rowtype
index by binary_integer;
v_t t1;
x number(5);
begin
select * bulk collect into v_t from emp;
x:=1;
loop
dbms_output.put_line(v_t(x).empno||','||v_t(x).ename);
x:=v_t.next(x);
exit when x is null;
end loop;
end;

( OR )

Example5:
declare
type t1 is table of emp%rowtype
index by binary_integer;
v_t t1;
begin
select * bulk collect into v_t from emp;
for i in v_t.first..v_t.last
loop
dbms_output.put_line(v_t(i).empno||','||v_t(i).ename);
endloop;
end;

 3) Nested Tables:

• This is also user defined type which is used to store multiple data items in a single unit but        before we are storing actual data we must initialize the data while using constructor.            Here constructor name is same as type name. 
• Generally we are not allow to store index by tables permanently into database, to overcome this  problem they are introduce Nested Tables to extension of the index by tables.
• These user defined types stored permanently into database using sql.
• In Index by tables we can not add or remove the indexes. where as in Nested tables we can add or remove the indexes using Extend, Trim collection methods.
• In Nested tables we can allocate the memory explicitly while using Extend method.

     Syntax : Type type_name is Table of datatype( size );

                   variable_name type_name( ); => Constructor_Name

Example1: 

Declare

type t1 is table of number(10);

v t1:=t1();

begin

v.extend(100);

v(100):=10;

dbms_output.put_line(v(100));

end;

Example2:

Declare

type t1 is table of number(10);

v1 t1:=t1(10,20,30,40,50);

begin

dbms_output.put_line(v1.first);

dbms_output.put_line(v1.last);

dbms_output.put_line(v1.prior(3));

dbms_output.put_line(v1.next(3));

dbms_output.put_line(v1.count);

dbms_output.put_line(v1(3));

for i in v1.first..v1.last

loop

dbms_output.put_line(v1(i));

end loop;

end;

Example3: 

Declare

type t1 is table of number(10);

v1 t1;

v2 t1:=t1();

begin

if v1 is null then

dbms_output.put_line('v1 is null');

else

dbms_output.put_line('v1 is not null');

end if;

if v2 is null then

dbms_output.put_line('v2 is null');

else

dbms_output.put_line('v2 is not null');

end if;

end;

Example4:

declare

type t1 is table of number(10);

v t1:=t1();

begin

v.extend;

v(1):=5;

dbms_output.put_line(v(1));

end;

Question:Write a PLSQL program to get all employee names from emp table and store it into Nested Table and display data from Nested Table?

Program:

declare

type t1 is table of varchar2(10);

v t1:=t1();

cursor c1 is select ename from emp;

n number(10):=1;

begin

for i in c1

loop

v.extend();

v(n):=i.ename;

n:=n+1;

end loop;

for i in v.first..v.last

loop

dbms_output.put_line(v(i));

end loop;

end;

( OR )

declare

type t1 is table of varchar2(10);

v t1:=t1();

begin

select ename bulk collect into v from emp;

for i in v.first..v.last

loop

dbms_output.put_line(v(i));

end loop;

end;

( OR )  

declare

type t1 is table of emp%rowtype;

v t1:=t1();

begin

select * bulk collect into v from emp;

for i in v.first..v.last

loop

dbms_output.put_line(v(i).empno||','||v(i).ename||','||v(i).job);

end loop;

end;

4) V arrays:

         This is also user defined type which is used to store multiple data items in a single unit but                  before we are storing actual data we must initialize the data while using constructor.

         These user defined types stored permanently into database using sql.

         Basically we are using the Varrays for retrieving the huge data.

         Syntax : Type type_name is varray( maxsize ) of datatype( size );

                       Variable_name Type_name := Type_name( );

example1:

Declare

type t1 is varray(50) of emp%rowtype;

v t1:=t1();

begin

select * bulk collect into v from emp;

for i in v.first..v.last

loop

dbms_output.put_line(v(i).empno||','||v(i).ename||','||v(i).job);

end loop;

end;

5) Ref Cursors:

• Ref Cursors are user define types which is used to process multiple records and also this is record by record process
• Generally through the static cursors we are using only one select statement at a time for single active set area where as in ref cursors we are executing no of select statements dynamically for single active set area.
• That's why these type of cursors are also called as dynamic cursors.
• By using ref cursors we return large amount of data from oracle database into client applications.
• There are 2 Types > Strong Ref Cursor  > Weak Ref Cursor 

                 Strong Ref Cursor:It is one of the ref cursor which is having return type.
                Weak Ref Cursor:It is one of the ref cursor which does not have a return type.

        Note : In ref cursor we are executing select statements using open .... for statement.

example1:

Declare

Type t1 is ref cursor;

v_t t1;

i emp%rowtype;

begin

open v_t for select * from emp where sal>2000;

loop

fetch v_t into i;

exit when v_t%notfound;

dbms_output.put_line(i.ename||' '||i.sal);

end loop;

close v_t;

end;

example2:

declare

type t1 is ref cursor;

v_t t1;

i emp%rowtype;

j dept%rowtype;

v_no number(5):=&no;

begin

if v_no=1 then

open v_t for select * from emp;

loop

fetch v_t into i;

exit when v_t%notfound;

dbms_output.put_line(i.ename||' '||i.deptno);

end loop;

close v_t;

elsif v_no=2 then

open v_t for select * from dept;

loop

fetch v_t into j;

exit when v_t%notfound;

dbms_output.put_line(j.deptno||' '||j.dname);

end loop;

close v_t;

end if;

end;

example3:

Package Specification:

create or replace package pg1

is

type t1 is ref cursor return emp%rowtype;

type t2 is ref cursor return dept%rowtype;

procedure p1 (p_t1 out t1);

procedure p2 (p_t2 out t2);

end;

Package Body:

create or replace package body pg1 is

procedure p1 (p_t1 out t1)

is

begin

open p_t1 for select * from emp;

end p1;

procedure p2 (p_t2 out t2)

is

begin

open p_t2 for select * from dept;

end p2;

end;

Execution of Package:

variable a refcursor

variable b refcursor

exec pg1.p1(:a);

exec pg1.p2(:b);

print a b;

BULK MECHANISM:

• Bulk is one of the method which is used to improve the performance of the applications.
• Oracle introduce bulk bind process using collection i.e in this process we are putting all sql statement related values into collection and in this collection we are performing insert, update, delete at a time using for all statement.
• In this bulk we have two actions

1) Bulk Collect

2) Bulk Bind

1 ) Bulk Collect:

• In this clause we are used to fetch the data from resource into collection
• This clauses used in

          1) Bulk Collect used in Select ...........into............clause

          2) Bulk Collect used in Cursor...........Fetch...........Statement

          3) Bulk Collect used in Dml............Returning.........Clauses

          1) Bulk Collect used in select .....into .....clause:

              Syntax : select * bulk collect into collection_name from table_name.

              Example1: 

                              Declare

                              type t1 is table of emp%rowtype

                              index by binary_integer;

                              v t1;

                              begin

                              select * bulk collect into v from emp;

                              for i in v.first..v.last loop

                              dbms_output.put_line(v(i).empno||','||v(i).ename||','||v(i).job);

                              end loop;

                              end;

           2) Bulk Collect used in cursor......fetch.......statement

               Syntax : fetch cursor_name bulk collect into collection_variable.

               Example1:

                              Declare

                              type t1 is table of varchar2(10)

                              index by binary_integer;

                              v1 t1;

                              v2 t1;

                              cursor c1 is select ename,job from emp;

                              begin

                              open c1;

                              fetch c1 bulk collect into v1,v2;

                              close c1;

                              for i in v1.first..v1.last

                              loop

                              dbms_output.put_line(v1(i)||','||v2(i));

                              end loop;

                              end;

                Time Program with out BULK:

                              Declare

                              vrow varchar2(50);

                              cursor c1 is select object_name from all_objects;

                              z1 number(10);

                              z2 number(10);

                              begin

                              z1:=dbms_utility.get_time;

                              open c1;

                              loop

                              fetch c1 into vrow;

                              exit when c1%notfound;

                              end loop;

                              close c1;

                              z2:=dbms_utility.get_time;

                              dbms_output.put_line(z1);

                              dbms_output.put_line(z2);

                              dbms_output.put_line(z2-z1);

                              end;

                 Time Program with BULK:

                               Declare

                               type t1 is table of varchar2(50) index by binary_integer;

                               v1 t1;

                               cursor c1 is select object_name from all_objects;

                               z1 number(10);

                               z2 number(10);

                               begin

                               z1:=dbms_utility.get_time;

                               open c1;

                               loop

                               fetch c1 bulk collect into v1;

                               exit when c1%notfound;

                               end loop;

                               close c1;

                               z2:=dbms_utility.get_time;

                               dbms_output.put_line(z1);

                               dbms_output.put_line(z2);

                               dbms_output.put_line(z2-z1);

                               end;

             3) Bulk Collect used in DML..........Returning clauses.

                  Syntax : dml statement returning column_name into variable_name;

                  Example1:

                  Variable a varchar2(10);

                  Update emp set sal=sal+100 where ename ='KING' returning job into :a;

                  Print a;

               Question:Write a PLSQL Stored Procedure modify salaries of the clerk from emp table and                                  also these modified value immediately stored into index by table by using dml                                      ...returning clause and also display content from index by table?

               Program:

                             Create or replace procedure p1 is

                             type t1 is table of emp%rowtype

                             index by binary_integer;

                             v1 t1;

                             begin

                             update emp set sal=sal+100 where job='CLERK'

                             returning empno,ename,job,mgr,hiredate,sal,comm,deptno

                             bulk collect into v1;

                             dbms_output.put_line('updated no:of clerks are:'||sql%rowcount);

                             for i in v1.first..v1.last

                             loop

                            dbms_output.put_line(v1(i).ename||','||v1(i).job||','||v1(i).sal);

                            end loop;

                            end;

2 ) Bulk Bind:

• In bulk bind process we are performing bulk of operations using collection i.e in this process we are using bulk update, bulk delete, bulk insert using forall statement.
• Before we are using bulk bind process we are fetching data from database into collections using bulk collect clause.

          Syntax : forall indexvar in collectionvar.frist..collectionvar.last

          Example1:

                        Declare

                        type t1 is varray(10) of number(10);

                        v1 t1:=t1(10,20);

                        begin

                        forall i in v1.first..v1.last

                        update emp set sal=sal+100 where deptno=v1(i);

                        end;

      Bulk Update:

          Example1:

                       Declare

                       type t1 is table of number(5) index by binary_integer;

                      v1 t1;

                      begin

                      select empno bulk collect into v1 from emp;

                      forall i in v1.first..v1.last

                      update emp set sal=sal+111 where empno=v1(i);

                      end;

      Bulk Delete:

          Example1:

                       Declare

                       type t1 is varray(10) of number(10);

                       v1 t1:=t1(20,30,40);

                       begin

                       forall i in v1.first..v1.last

                       delete from emp where empno=v1(i);

                       end;

      Bulk Insert:

          Example1:

                       Declare

                       type t1 is table of number(10) index by binary_integer;

                       v1 t1;

                       begin

                       for i in 1..100

                       loop

                       v1(i):=i;

                      end loop;

                      forall i in v1.first..v1.last

                      insert into bt values (v1(i));

                      end;

Loading the Data (.Csv) from File to Oracle Database

Follow Below steps:

Step 1: create a directory for placing the .csv file using SQL developer or TOAD or SQL*Plus or any              tool that connects with the database

create or replace directory OGL_REPORT_ACCESS as 'G:\ram_file_load_task';

step 2: place the .csv file in the above path mentioned in the step 1

       Note: Your .csv filename is "EmpData.csv"

step 3: create table for the inserting the data from the file we placed in step 2

create table ram_test(str varchar2(100));

step 4: here is the code :I am using UTL_File package in order to load from the file

set serveroutput on;
declare
fp utl_file.file_type;
str varchar2(500);
begin
fp := utl_file.fopen('OGL_REPORT_ACCESS','EmpData.csv','r');
--reading next lines and in put into ram_test table
loop
utl_file.get_line(fp,str);
insert into ram_test values(str);
end loop;
exception
when no_data_found then
commit;
end;
/
show errors;

step5: query the table whether data inserted or not.

select *from ram_test;

Short Note on Financial Statement Generator (FSG Reports)

What Are Oracle FSGs?

FSG is short form of Financial Statement Generator.

         In brief , is a powerful reporting engine that supports interchangeable report objects,
server-based processing for high performance, and report scheduling for efficient use of system resources.

A user defined report that allows for the rollup of GL Account Balances (i.e. combinations of accounting segments "EUR"GL Code Combinations) into logical groupings for reporting
This is End user tool , which enables end business user for financial reporting without any programming

Most of these reports are oriented toward financial statements
These are very very easy to use :-)
Transfer accounting information to a popular spreadsheet if you prefer to use your personal computer for analysis and planning.
Report on both translated and entered foreign currency amounts.
Access a wide variety of standard management and accounting reports for the detail information you need,including chart of account listings, journals, general ledgers and trial balances.
Define the complex financial statements you need to analyze your business,including responsibility reports for business units, profit centres and cost centers. The good things is that all these reports run through concurrent manager.
Most important there is no additional setup required We can design our reports to meet your business needs
Design to print directly to MS Excel Schedule reports to run directly from the application You can do what with FSG

What are the reports which is based out of FSG Reports?

Financials-P&L, Bal Sht, Cash Flow, Rev/Exp detail, cost center detail
Auditor Schedules - trial balance mapped to financial stmts, Income tax workpapers ,Partial trial balances,Income Statement

What are the FSG Component or Structure?

Row Sets
Column Sets
Content Sets
Row Orders
Display Sets
Reports
Report Sets

what are the Row Set?

Description to appear on left hand side
Define accounting flexfield ranges or summary accounts here
Define row calculation - total, etc.

What are the Column Set?

Column Sets typically define the format and content of the columns in an FSG report
Oracle provides seeded column sets, or you can build your own
Column Set Attributes
-The commonly assumed attributes for a column set are:
-Time period (PTD, QTD, YTD, etc)
-Account type (Actual, Budget or Encumbrance)
-These two elements are defined by an Amount Type

What is Column Set: Proforma

Proforma is an accounting term that refers to an annual fiscal amount that is comprised of actual amounts and budget amounts together.

What is a Content Set?

Content Sets are used to override row/column account assignments and display types to create multiple variations of existing reports You can generate many similar reports in a single run by using content sets Use to a range to give multiple values on one report OR separate reports for each value in the range Override applied separately to each segment in flexfield

What is a Row Order?

Row Orders are used to control how detail rows are displayed and/or sorted on a report Used with Row Set expand and Content Sets Allow user to expand detail of a row Can display Segment value Segment description Both List alphabetically or numerically Report Display Group

Grouping of rows or columns i.e. Specify a sequence number range from your row set or column set i.e. from 20 to 20
Used in your display set Report Display Set


Assign Display Group(s) to your Set i.e. ?EURoedisplay column 1, 3, 4Can assign multiple row and/or column groups to one set i.e.column For each assignment, can specify whether to display the values on the report (Display = Yes) or (Display = No)
The Rule of Thumb for FSG

One FSG = One row set + one column set + one content set

Underline technology of FSG?? any guess , C, SQL, Java...

Important to know FSG reports are created from a program written in 'C' code, not from Oracle Reports, as is the case with standard reports. Many modules and tables are used to create reports based on the definition and component of a particular FSG.

What is FSG (Financial Statement Generator) Controller Program?

The FSG (Financial Statement Generator) Controller runs when you generate an FSG with a content set 'Type' set to Parallel. The FSG Controller kicks off the sub requests for the FSG's that are created with the content set.

What is in Background "The FSG Query

As these report are developed in C, it's impossible to break the code, but if you do some trace on you will find , the code is based out of GL balances table, addition to the some other tables which keeps the structure on the front end.

The data is loaded into memory, and then sorted according to report format

How do you define a FSG Report?

Reports are created by specifying a combination of report components (ie Row Set, Column Set, etc). Typically, values specified when defining a report override values specified at the individual component level
The value entered in the Title field will appear at the top of the report
Where to run FSG Reports:

In Oracle EBS Running FSG Reports can be achieved from 3 different ways:

Run Financial Reports form
Concurrent Manager
The name of the request is "Program -Run Financial Statement Generator"
ADI Request Center

PLSQL PROGRAMS TO PRACTICE 12

150. Create a package to store the following procedure for multiplication table,even-odd, function for factorial and function for palindrome?

CREATE OR REPLACE PACKAGE DATA
IS
PROCEDURE MULT(A NUMBER);
PROCEDURE EVEN_ODD(N NUMBER);
FUNCTION FACT(N NUMBER) RETURN NUMBER;
PRAGMA RESTRICT_REFERENCES(FACT,WNDS);
FUNCTION PALEN(SRT VARCHAR2) RETURN VARCHAR2;
PRAGMA RESTRICT_REFERENCES(PALEN,WNDS);
END;
/
CREATE OR REPLACE PACKAGE BODY DATA
IS
PROCEDURE MULT(A NUMBER)
IS
M NUMBER;
BEGIN
FOR I IN 1..10
LOOP
M:=A*I;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(A||'*'||I||'='||M);
END LOOP;
END;
PROCEDURE EVEN_ODD(N NUMBER)
IS
BEGIN
IF MOD(N,2)=0 THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(N||' IS EVEN NUMBER');
ELSE
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(N||' IS NOT EVEN NUMBER');
END IF;
END;
FUNCTION FACT(N NUMBER) RETURN NUMBER
IS
F NUMBER:=1;
BEGIN
FOR I IN 1..N
LOOP
F:=F*I;
END LOOP;
RETURN F;
END;
FUNCTION PALEN(SRT VARCHAR2) RETURN VARCHAR2
IS
S CHAR;
V VARCHAR2(50);
BEGIN
FOR I IN REVERSE 1..LENGTH(SRT)
LOOP
S:=SUBSTR(SRT,I,1);
V:=V||S;
END LOOP;
IF V=SRT THEN
RETURN 'PALINDROME';
ELSE
RETURN 'NOT PALINDROME';
END IF;
END;
END;
/

151.Write a database trigger halt the transaction on Sunday on EMP table

CREATE OR REPLACE TRIGGER SUN_TRI
AFTER INSERT OR UPDATE OR DELETE ON EMP
DECLARE
DY VARCHAR2(200);
BEGIN
DY:=TO_CHAR(SYSDATE,'DY');
IF DY='SUN' THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20005,'TODAY IS SUNDAY TRANSACTION NOT ALLOWED TODAY');
END IF;
END;
/

152.Write a database trigger halt the transaction of USER SCOTT on table EMP

CREATE OR REPLACE TRIGGER SCOTT_TRI
BEFORE INSERT OR UPDATE OR DELETE ON EMP
BEGIN
IF USER = 'SCOTT' THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20006,'TRANSACTION NOT ALLOWED FOR SCOTT');
END IF;
END;
/

153.Write a database trigger halt the transaction between the the time 6pm to 10am on table emp

CREATE OR REPLACE TRIGGER OVER_TIME_TRI
BEFORE INSERT OR DELETE OR UPDATE ON EMP
DECLARE
T NUMBER;
BEGIN
T:=TO_CHAR(SYSDATE,'HH24');
IF T NOT BETWEEN 10 AND 18 THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20007,'TIME ALREADY OVER.....TRANSACTION NOT ALLOWED NOW');
END IF;
END;
/

154.Write a database trigger to halt the transaction for the employee SALESMAN and
PRESIDENT

CREATE OR REPLACE TRIGGER SALES_PRI
BEFORE INSERT OR UPDATE OR DELETE ON EMP
FOR EACH ROW
WHEN (OLD.JOB IN ('SALESMAN','PRESIDENT') OR
NEW.JOB IN ('SALESMAN','PRESIDENT'))
BEGIN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20008,'TRANSACTION NOT ALLOWED FOR SALESMAN AND PRESIDENT....');
END;
/

155.Write a database trigger stroe the username ,type of transaction ,date of transaction and time of transaction of table emp into the table EMP_LOG

CREATE OR REPLACE TRIGGER TRANS_TYPE
AFTER INSERT OR UPDATE OR DELETE ON EMP
DECLARE
V VARCHAR2(50);
BEGIN
IF INSERTING THEN
V:='I';
ELSIF UPDATING THEN
V:='U';
ELSE
V:='D';
END IF;
INSERT INTO EMP_LOG VALUES (USER,V,SYSDATE,TO_CHAR(SYSDATE,'HH:MI:SS'));
END;
/

156.Write a database trigger store the deleted data of EMP table in EMPDEL table

CREATE OR REPLACE TRIGGER DEL_TRI
BEFORE DELETE ON EMP
FOR EACH ROW
BEGIN
INSERT INTO EMPDEL
VALUES (:OLD.EMPNO,:OLD.ENAME,:OLD.JOB,:OLD.MGR,:OLD.HIREDATE,:OLD.SAL,:OLD.COMM,
:OLD.DEPTNO,SYSDATE,TO_CHAR(SYSDATE,'HH:MI:SS'));
END;
/

157.Write a database trigger display the message when the inserting hiredate is greater than system date

CREATE OR REPLACE TRIGGER HIREDATE_OVER
AFTER INSERT ON EMP
FOR EACH ROW
BEGIN
IF :NEW.HIREDATE > SYSDATE THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20009,'INVALID HIREDATE.....');
END IF;
END;
/

158.Write a database trigger halt the transaction of EMP table if the deptno is does not exist in the dept table

CREATE OR REPLACE TRIGGER DEPT_NO
BEFORE INSERT OR UPDATE OR DELETE ON EMP
FOR EACH ROW
DECLARE
DNO NUMBER:=0;
BEGIN
SELECT COUNT(*) INTO DNO FROM DEPT WHERE DEPTNO=:NEW.DEPTNO;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(DNO);
IF DNO=0 THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20009,'DEPTNO NOT EXIST IN DEPT TABLE....');
END IF;
END;
/

159.Write a database trigger add Rs 500 if the inserting salary is less than Rs 1000

CREATE OR REPLACE TRIGGER SAL_ADD
BEFORE INSERT ON EMP
FOR EACH ROW
BEGIN
IF :NEW.SAL <= 1000 THEN
:NEW.SAL:=:NEW.SAL+500;
END IF;
END;
/

160.Write a database trigger give the appropriate message if the record exceed more than 100 on EMP table

CREATE OR REPLACE TRIGGER EMP_OVER_REC
AFTER INSERT ON EMP
DECLARE
R NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT COUNT(*) INTO R FROM EMP;
IF R>=100 THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20009,'100 RECORD ALLOWED IN EMP TABLE.....');
END IF;
END;
/

161.Write a program to month and year and display the Calendar of that month.

DECLARE
D NUMBER:=1;
M VARCHAR2(10):='&MONTH';
Y NUMBER:=&YEAR;
C CHAR(20);
V VARCHAR2(500);
N NUMBER;
BEGIN
N:=TO_CHAR(LAST_DAY(D||'-'||M||'-'||Y),'DD');
C:= TO_CHAR(TO_DATE(D||'-'||M||'-'||Y),'DY');
dbms_output.put_line('*********************************');
dbms_output.put_line('* '||M||'-'||Y||' *');
dbms_output.put_line('*SUN MON TUE WED THU FRI SAT *');
dbms_output.put_line('**********************************');
IF C='MON' THEN
V:=' ';
ELSIF C='TUE' THEN
V:=' ';
ELSIF C='WED' THEN
V:=' ';
ELSIF C='THU' THEN
V:=' ';
ELSIF C='FRI' THEN
V:=' ';
ELSIF C='SAT' THEN
V:=' ';
END IF;
FOR I IN 1..N
LOOP
V:=V||LPAD(I,4);
IF LENGTH(V)=28 THEN
dbms_output.put_line(LPAD(V,29,'*')||' *');
V:=NULL;
END IF;
END LOOP;
dbms_output.put_line('*'||RPAD(V,29)||'*');
END;
/

PLSQL PROGRAMS TO PRACTICE 11

143. Write a function to accept the empno and return exp with minimum 3 decimal?

CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION E_DETAILS(EMPNOV NUMBER) RETURN NUMBER
IS
HIREDATEV EMP.HIREDATE%TYPE;
EXP NUMBER(6,3);
BEGIN
SELECT HIREDATE INTO HIREDATEV FROM EMP WHERE EMPNO=EMPNOV;
EXP:=MONTHS_BETWEEN(SYSDATE,HIREDATEV)/12;
RETURN EXP;
END;
/

144. Write a function to accept a number and print the factorial of that number?

CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION FAC(NUM NUMBER) RETURN NUMBER
IS
FACT NUMBER(4):=1;
BEGIN
FOR I IN REVERSE 1..NUM
LOOP
FACT:=FACT*I;
END LOOP;
RETURN FACT;
END;
/

145. Write a function to accept a grade and return the number of emps belongs to that grade?

CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION EMPGRADE(GRADEV NUMBER) RETURN VARCHAR2
IS
N NUMBER(4);
BEGIN
SELECT COUNT(*) INTO N FROM EMP,SALGRADE
WHERE SAL BETWEEN LOSAL AND HISAL AND GRADE=GRADEV;
RETURN 'NO OF EMPS ARE'||N;
END;
/

146. Write a program to accept the mgr number and return no of emp working at that mgr?

CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION N_EMPS(MGRV NUMBER) RETURN VARCHAR2
IS
N NUMBER(4);
BEGIN
SELECT COUNT(*) INTO N FROM EMP WHERE MGR=MGRV;
RETURN 'THE NO OF EMPS ARE WORKING UNDER THIS MGR IS '||N;
END;
/

147. Write a function to accept a character string and print it in reverse case?

CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION REVERSE(STR VARCHAR2) RETURN VARCHAR2
IS
STR1 VARCHAR2(20);
S VARCHAR2(20);
N NUMBER(4);
BEGIN
FOR I IN 1..LENGTH(STR)
LOOP
S:=SUBSTR(STR,I,1);
N:=ASCII(S);
IF N BETWEEN 65 AND 90 THEN
STR1:=STR1||CHR(N+32);
ELSE
STR1:=STR1||CHR(N-32);
END IF;
END LOOP;
RETURN 'THE REVERSE CASE IS '||STR1;
END;
/

148. Write a function to accept a string and check whether it is palindrome or not?

CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION STRPAL1(STR VARCHAR2) RETURN VARCHAR2
IS
STR1 VARCHAR2(10);
S VARCHAR2(10);
BEGIN
FOR I IN REVERSE 1..LENGTH(STR)
LOOP
S:=SUBSTR(STR,I,1);
STR1:=STR1||S;
END LOOP;
IF STR1=STR THEN
RETURN 'IT IS PALINDROME '||STR1;
ELSE
RETURN 'IT IS NOT PALINDROME '||STR1;
END IF;
END;
/

149. Write a function to accept the grade and return max, tot, avg salary and number of emps belongs to that grade as script without using any group functions?

CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION EMP_DETAILS_SCRIPT (GRADEV SALGRADE.GRADE%TYPE) RETURN VARCHAR2
IS
V VARCHAR2(30000);
CURSOR EMP_CUR IS
SELECT EMP.*,GRADE,DNAME FROM DEPT,EMP,SALGRADE
WHERE GRADE=GRADEV AND EMP.DEPTNO=DEPT.DEPTNO AND
SAL BETWEEN LOSAL AND HISAL;
EMP_CUR_V EMP_CUR%ROWTYPE;
MAXSAL EMP.SAL%TYPE:=0;
MINSAL EMP.SAL%TYPE;
AVGSAL NUMBER(6,2);
SUMSAL NUMBER(10,2):=0;
CNT NUMBER:=0;
FLAG CHAR:=0;
EX EXCEPTION;
BEGIN
OPEN EMP_CUR;
LOOP
FETCH EMP_CUR INTO EMP_CUR_V;
EXIT WHEN EMP_CUR%NOTFOUND;
IF MAXSAL < EMP_CUR_V.SAL THEN
MAXSAL:=EMP_CUR_V.SAL;
END IF;
IF FLAG=0 THEN
MINSAL:=EMP_CUR_V.SAL;
FLAG:=1;
ELSIF FLAG=1 AND MINSAL > EMP_CUR_V.SAL THEN
MINSAL:=EMP_CUR_V.SAL;
END IF;
SUMSAL:=SUMSAL+EMP_CUR_V.SAL;
CNT:=CNT+1;
ENDLOOP;
IF CNT=0 THEN
RAISE EX;
END IF;
AVGSAL:=SUMSAL/CNT;
V:='THE MAXIMUM SALARY OF GRADE' ||GRADEV||' IS'||MAXSAL||' MINIMUM SALARY IS'||MINSAL||
'AVERAGE SALARY IS'||AVGSAL||' TOTAL EMPS WORKING FOR THIS GRADE ARE'||CNT;
CLOSE EMP_CUR;
RETURN V;
EXCEPTION
WHEN EX THEN
RETURN 'THERE IS NO EMPLOYEE WORKING FOR THIS GRADE, CHECK AND RE-ENTER THE GRADE....';
END;
/